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Rare earths and critical minerals
Brazil leads the charge
There is a broad consensus that Brazil is emerging as the Western Hemisphere powerhouse for rare earths, based partly on the fact that the country holds one-fifth of known global REE reserves (and that only about a third of Brazilian territory has been mapped geologically, meaning reserves may be greater). The state of Minas Gerais has attracted around US$2bn in REE investment and has been dubbed a “rare earth valley” capable of rivalling some of China’s key sites. As already mentioned above, Brazil plans to raise its share of global rare earth output from virtually nothing to 5%-8% by 2030. To help this happen the government has committed itself to carrying out US$500m worth of infrastructure improvements including rail connections and ports.
- Rare earths and critical minerals - what are they?
- Where are they?
- What is the outlook for demand?
- The US-China stand off
- Washington plays catch up
- The European perspective
- Brazil leads the charge
- USA Rare Earth makes its move in Brazil
- Concern over REE preferential access
- Argentina: the lithium RIGI story
- New Chilean government eyes value added
- Peru seen as player with “high geological potential”
- 2023 mining law holds Mexico back
- Bolivia moves away from state-led industrialisation
- Corporate moves in critical minerals and REEs
- Rare earths and the environment
- Conclusion – the coming boom