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Rare earths and critical minerals
Rare earths and critical minerals - what are they?
Perhaps the first question to ask about rare earth elements (REE) and critical minerals is what are they are and where they are? The US Geological Survey identifies around 50 “critical materials” judged to be essential for renewable energy projects, defence systems, and advanced manufacturing. REEs are a sub-set of this bigger group which are also used in applications such as mobile phones and wind turbines. Critical minerals also include lithium, copper, and nickel.
- Rare earths and critical minerals - what are they?
- Where are they?
- What is the outlook for demand?
- The US-China stand off
- Washington plays catch up
- The European perspective
- Brazil leads the charge
- USA Rare Earth makes its move in Brazil
- Concern over REE preferential access
- Argentina: the lithium RIGI story
- New Chilean government eyes value added
- Peru seen as player with “high geological potential”
- 2023 mining law holds Mexico back
- Bolivia moves away from state-led industrialisation
- Corporate moves in critical minerals and REEs
- Rare earths and the environment
- Conclusion – the coming boom